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Jos M. Moreno Maria A. Aramendía Alberto Marinas Jos M. Marinas Francisco J. Urbano 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2005,59(3-4):275-283
The liquid-phase hydrodechlorination of 3-chloropyridine and chlorobenzene has been studied over alkali-modified zirconia-supported palladium catalysts. The modification of the ZrO2 with alkali metal carbonates improves the catalytic activity of the final palladium catalyst. Therefore, the larger the ionic radii (Li+ < Na+ < K+), the greater the catalytic activity (TOF) of the palladium catalyst. For 3-chloropyridine, hydrodechlorination proceeds without catalyst deactivation. This is explained as the result of the interaction of reaction products (pyridine and HCl) forming pyridinium chloride, thus avoiding the detrimental effect of HCl on the palladium particles. Catalytic hydrodechlorination of chlorobenzene over Pd catalysts exhibits an initial catalytic activity (TOF) much lower than that of 3-chloropyridine and the Pd catalysts deactivate as the reaction proceeds. Finally, chlorobenzene hydrodehalogenation has also been carried out in the presence of an equimolecular amount of pyridine resulting in a decrease in the initial reaction rate on the one hand, but also in an increase in final conversion on the other. 相似文献
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A. J. Slifka B. J. Filla 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》2003,108(2):147-150
An industrial ceramic thermal-barrier coating designated PWA 266, processed by electron-beam physical-vapor deposition, was measured using a steady-state thermal conductivity technique. The thermal conductivity of the mass fraction 7 % yttria-stabilized zirconia coating was measured from 100 °C to 900 °C. Measurements on three thicknesses of coatings, 170 μm, 350 μm, and 510 μm resulted in thermal conductivity in the range from 1.5 W/(m·K) to 1.7 W/(m·K) with a combined relative standard uncertainty of 20 %. The thermal conductivity is not significantly dependent on temperature. 相似文献
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An yttria-stabilized zirconia powder, free of monoclinic phase, may be prepared by an oxalate method in an ethanol solution at strong acidity. This study demonstrates that the control of pH in the preparation of precursors has a significant effect on the ability of precursors to crystallize and hence plays an important role in determining the formation and fraction of various crystalline phases in the resulting yttria-stabilized zirconia powder. With the increase of pH, a precursor with a certain crystalline form may be transformed into an amorphous precursor, and a monoclinic phase appers in the phase composition of the resulting powder. The results of XRD analysis and Raman spectroscopy are discussed. 相似文献
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Poor-grade fireclay products contain substantial amount of glass. A glass of similar composition was synthesized, nucleated
and heat-treated for crystallization of mullite. The size and size-distribution of mullite crystals, the rate of change of
size and the aspect ratio of the crystals were investigated in relation to the nucleating agents and temperature. 相似文献
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自韧Si3N4陶瓷的显微结构及其性能研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用热压的方法制得室温断裂韧性和抗弯强度分别为11.2MPa·m ̄(1/2)、823MPa,高温(1350℃)断裂韧性和抗弯强度分别为23.9MPa·m ̄(1/2)、630MPa的自韧Si_3N_4陶瓷。研究了显微结构和力学性能之间的关系。结果表明:玻璃相的含量、β-Si_3N_4的长径比等对性能有重要影响。分析了自韧Si_3N_4陶瓷的增韧机理,通过SEM明显观察到Si_3N_4中存在裂纹偏转、分支和β-Si_3N_4拔出现象。 相似文献
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Duane J. Lewis 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1991,74(10):2410-2413
Mixed-oxide systems are of interest in a variety of technical ceramic applications. The key in many systems is to achieve a high degree of homogeneity, approaching the molecular level. A technique for producing mixed oxides via direct oxidation of mixtures of organometallic compounds is discussed as a potential route. Preliminary work performed on producing mullite is discussed. 相似文献
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谢意红 《宝石和宝石学杂志》2002,4(4):28-31
市场上出现的紫色、浅紫色、浅黄色、粉红色、酒黄色、黄褐色、红色人造立方氧化锆均为亚金刚光泽, 火彩明显; 密度为5.99~6.34 g/cm3, 相对硬度为8~9; 除粉红色者表现出非均质性和弱多色性且内含大量定向排列的白色脱溶物外, 其余的为均质性, 内部洁净; 不同颜色的立方氧化锆的吸收光谱、紫外荧光以及滤色镜下的变色情况均存在差异; 浅紫色立方氧化锆的吸收光谱特征表明它是Nd致色. 能谱分析结果表明: 彩色立方氧化锆的常见元素有Zr, Y, P, Hf, Ca等; Er, Ce, Fe分别是粉红色、红色、酒黄色立方氧化锆的致色元素; 当Y2O3的摩尔分数大于或近于7%时, 立方氧化锆为立方面心结构且内部洁净; 当Y2O3的摩尔分数小于5%时, 立方氧化锆表现为非均质性且内含大量定向分布的白色脱溶物. 用拉尔森改写的格拉斯顿-代尔公式计算其近似折射率为2.12~2.19. 相似文献